About the F-111 Aardvark
Introduction
The F-111 Aardvark was a supersonic, medium-range tactical strike aircraft developed by General Dynamics for the U.S. Air Force. Introduced in the late 1960s, it was one of the first production aircraft to feature variable-sweep wings, allowing for high-speed flight and short takeoff and landing capabilities. Designed for multiple roles, including deep strike, reconnaissance, and electronic warfare, the F-111 became a versatile and powerful asset. Though retired by the U.S. in the 1990s, it remained in service with the Royal Australian Air Force until 2010.
Design
The F-111 featured a variable-sweep wing, enabling it to adjust wing positions for optimized speed, maneuverability, and fuel efficiency. It was powered by two Pratt & Whitney TF30 afterburning turbofan engines, giving it a top speed of over Mach 2.5. The aircraft was equipped with terrain-following radar, allowing it to fly at low altitudes in all weather conditions while avoiding enemy detection. Its internal weapons bay and external hardpoints allowed it to carry a variety of munitions, including bombs, missiles, and nuclear payloads. The escape capsule ejection system was another unique safety feature, ensuring that both crew members could eject together in a protective pod.
History
First deployed during the Vietnam War, the F-111A was initially plagued by technical issues but later proved its worth in combat with precision bombing capabilities. It played a major role in Operation El Dorado Canyon in 1986, conducting long-range strikes against Libya. Throughout the Cold War, the aircraft served as a key strike platform, capable of delivering conventional and nuclear payloads deep into enemy territory. The U.S. retired the F-111 in 1998, with its role largely replaced by the F-15E Strike Eagle.
Performance & Specifications
- Max Speed: Mach 2.5 (1,650 mph, 2,655 km/h)
- Range: 3,632 mi (5,845 km)
- Service Ceiling: 66,000 ft (20,100 m)
- Engines: 2 × Pratt & Whitney TF30-P-100 turbofans
- Thrust: 25,100 lbf (112 kN) per engine
- Weapons Load: Up to 31,500 lb (14,300 kg)
- Notable Weapons: Mk 82/84 bombs, AGM-130, B61 nuclear bomb
- Crew: 2 (Pilot & Weapons Systems Officer)
- Wingspan: 63 ft extended, 32 ft swept
The F-111A
Key Differences
The F-111A was the original production variant of the F-111, featuring the TF30-P-3 turbofan engines and AN/APQ-113 radar for terrain-following flight. It was equipped with variable-sweep wings, an internal weapons bay, and external hardpoints for a variety of munitions. Compared to later variants, the F-111A had less powerful engines and lacked some of the advanced avionics upgrades introduced in later models.
Roles & Missions
The F-111A was primarily used for deep strike and interdiction missions, capable of flying at low altitudes to evade enemy radar while delivering precision strikes. It played a significant role in Vietnam, where it conducted night bombing raids with minimal detection. Its ability to carry conventional and nuclear payloads made it a key asset in Cold War deterrence and rapid-response operations.